Enhancing mathematical skills through multicontextual approaches: a meta-analysis of realistic mathematics, ethnomathematics, and technology integration

Abstract

This study explores the effectiveness of multicontextual mathematics learning approaches, including Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), ethnomathematics, technology integration, and environment-based learning, in improving students’ mathematical skills across educational levels and regions. Using a meta-analysis of 28 studies published between 2015 and 2023, the findings reveal that these approaches have a strong positive impact, particularly RME, which demonstrates the highest effectiveness. Smaller sample sizes and Senior High School levels show greater improvements. Regionally, Asia exhibits the highest effectiveness. While the study strengthens the evidence for multicontextual strategies, it acknowledges limitations such as potential publication bias due to the exclusion of unpublished works. These findings underscore the importance of integrating cultural factors and local educational policies in the design and implementation of multicontextual mathematics learning approaches. Aligning instructional strategies with regional contexts can enhance learning effectiveness and student outcomes.

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