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Article · Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu · June 25, 2025

Geomechanical state assessment and monitoring of rock mass displacement at the Voskhod deposit (Kazakhstan)

S Zhaparova, Dinara Kaumetova, A Alibekova, Т.С. Ибырханов, Bakyt Nurmaganbetova, A.A. Mazhit

Temirlan Ibyrkhanov
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Abstract

Purpose. The primary goal of this study is to conduct a comprehensive geomechanical assessment of the rock mass at the Voskhod deposit in order to optimize ore extraction techniques through numerical modelling and to evaluate the effect of pillar width on the stability of mine workings under complex mining and geological conditions. Methodology. The study employs advanced numerical modelling techniques using Phase2 and RocLab software, enabling the simulation of realistic mining scenarios. The empirical Hoek–Brown failure criterion, integrated into stress-strain models, serves as the principal tool for evaluating the mechanical behaviour of rock masses. Laboratory testing data – including uniaxial compressive and tensile strengths, elastic modulus, cohesion, Poisson’s ratio, and other physical and mechanical properties – were utilized to generate strength classification charts for rock groupings. Findings. The simulation outcomes indicate that reducing the width of protective pillars from 12 to 10 m significantly decreases the load-bearing capacity of the rock mass. This is manifested by an expansion of zones with insufficient strength reserves and a deterioration in the condition of inter-level pillars. Measurements from reference stations revealed that displacement rates increased more than fourfold during the transition from active mining to stabilization phases. Moreover, decreasing the distance to the production face led to an even more pronounced increase in deformation. Originality. The novelty of the study lies in the integration of modern numerical modelling tools with in situ monitoring data, enabling the identification of critical dependencies between the geometry of mine workings and the dynamic response of the surrounding rock mass. Practical value. The results obtained can be used to optimise the ore extraction technology at the Voskhod deposit, improve mining safety and reduce economic losses associated with cave-ins and emergencies.

Geomechanics and Mining EngineeringRock Mechanics and ModelingGeotechnical and Mining Engineeringrock mass displacementgeomechanical assessmentpillar width

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