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Article · Bulletin of Toraighyrov University Energetics series · September 30, 2026

DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL OF A FIBER-OPTIC MONITORING SYSTEM

Ilyas Kazambayev, Ali Mekhtiyev, У. К. Жалмагамбетова, N. N. Kylyshkozha

Ilyas Kazambayev
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Abstract

Currently, due to the increased demand for electricity, all components of the energy supply system play an important role in the industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This article discusses the main solutions for monitoring the technical condition of a power cable. One of the most accurate integrity monitoring solutions is a fiber-optic monitoring system based on a reflectometer. The purpose of this work is to develop a model of an OTDR-based fiber-optic system. The initial data for the simulation was set, and the main physical parameters were determined. Mathematical expressions were formalized for the main events, namely vibration, stretching, bending, overheating, joint defects, shock effects and mechanical damage. In order to achieve the reliability of the results, white Gaussian noise and speckle noise were additionally introduced. During the implementation, several methods for filtering the optical signal were considered and compared. Among all the proposed methods, the Wavelet method and the method based on the decomposition of a function into a Fourier series with further integration are the most effective. As a result, it was revealed that stretching, heating, and compression of the optical fiber are insignificant events. In turn, the developed program allows you to scale the signal to study phenomena in order to increase sensitivity. Keywords: mathematical model, fiber-optic sensor, OTDR, monitoring system, power cable.

Advanced Fiber Optic SensorsElectrical Fault Detection and ProtectionOptical Network Technologiesoptical time-domain reflectometrypower cable condition monitoringjoint defects

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