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Article · IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters · January 1, 2026

Compact Multi-Port Wireless Power Transfer System for High Misalignment Tolerance

Kassen Dautov, E'qab R. Almajali, Anwar Jarndal, Sohaib Majzoub, Soliman Awad Mahmoud, Talal Bonny

Mohammad Hashmi
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Abstract

This letter presents a compact multi-port wireless power transfer (WPT) system with enhanced robustness against lateral and diagonal misalignment. The proposed architecture mitigates displacement-induced coupling degradation through spatially distributed magnetic coupling paths between trans mitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) elements. Slotted ground plane resonators are employed as the Tx and Rx, where the slot shape is optimized through four design stages to obtain a resonator with enhanced inductive characteristics and coupling performance. The optimized resonator is subsequently integrated into a four-port architecture, where multiple coupling paths maintain efficient power transfer under severe misalignment. A dielectric isolation region is introduced to suppress inter element coupling and mitigate efficiency degradation. The Tx/Rx resonators achieve a compact size of 26 × 26 mm2. At a 10 mm Tx–Rx separation, 63% efficiency is achieved under perfect alignment and maintained under 61% lateral and 87% diagonal misalignment through a dominant coupling path. In addition, a figure of merit is introduced for benchmarking misalignment robustness, and the proposed system achieves a value of 0.87, the highest among the compared works.

Wireless Power Transfer SystemsAdvanced DC-DC ConvertersWireless Body Area Networkswireless power transfercompact antennamisalignment tolerance

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