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Article · Results in Materials · December 11, 2025

Application of the obtained nanostructured composite fibers Fe3O4

Aidos Lesbayev, Doszhan Akalim, Kalamkas Astemessova, Darkhan Yerezhep

Darkhan Yerezhep
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Abstract

Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles offer a promising approach for lightweight and effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. In this study, we synthesized Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles using two methods - chemical co-precipitation and liquid-phase combustion - to investigate how the synthesis method, particle properties, and filler loading influence EMI shielding performance. The co-precipitation technique produced superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles with a smaller size (∼10 nm) and better dispersion, while the combustion method yielded larger and more aggregated particles. These nanoparticles were added at low weight fractions (0.25–1.0 wt%) into polymer and cement matrices to create nanocomposites. Microwave transmission tests over the range 0.7–17 GHz showed that even small additions of Fe 3 O 4 significantly attenuated EM waves. At an optimal filler content of ∼0.5 wt%, the composites achieved up to 20 dB reduction in the transmitted signal in the 1–2 GHz range. Notably, the addition of 0.25 wt% Fe 3 O 4 to a cement composite (10 mm thick) produced approximately 21 dB attenuation at approximately 1.5 GHz, highlighting the effectiveness of shielding with an ultralow filler content. A critical threshold was identified around 0.5 wt% magnetite, beyond which increasing the nanoparticle content beyond this threshold did not produce significant broad-band improvements (due to particle agglomeration and saturation of magnetic losses). Higher loadings (1 wt%) offered only frequency-specific gains at certain bands and did not improve overall shielding performance. Comparatively, co-precipitated Fe 3 O 4 composites outperformed those with combustion-synthesized Fe 3 O 4 at equal filler loadings due to their finer particle size and more uniform distribution. These findings demonstrate that effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding can be achieved with minimal Fe 3 O 4 filler and optimizing nanoparticle synthesis and dispersion are key to developing high-performance, lightweight shielding materials for practical applications.

Electromagnetic wave absorption materialsMagnetic Properties and Synthesis of FerritesElectromagnetic Compatibility and Noise SuppressionFe3O4 nanoparticlesmagnetiteelectromagnetic interference shielding

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